Geo-Economic Warfare and Inner-Front Destabilization — Lessons from Iran for Pakistan
By Hesham Sultan Ijaz The recent internal crisis in Iran is increasingly examined in global strategic discourse as a revealing case study of how modern geo-economic warfare and hybrid pressure mechanisms can converge to generate large-scale internal instability, even within states that possess
Debt, Discipline, and the Strategic Uses of Finance: Mapping Power in the Contemporary Global Order
By Ijaz Naser The modern international system is no longer organised primarily around territorial conquest or ideological blocs. It is structured around creditworthiness, liquidity access, and the controlled circulation of risk. War, diplomacy, and development are increasingly mediated through financial architecture rather than
Ripple Effects Historic Proportions of Global Order
BY Hesham Sultan The global order is undergoing a transformation of historic proportions, driven principally by the intensifying rivalry between the United States and China, a contest that encompasses economic, technological, and geopolitical dimensions. This contest is no longer confined to the familiar